Chapter III · Articles of association · Section II · Duties and rights of members · Subsection III · Maintenance of capital

Article 31 Resolutions on distributions of assets and their implementation

Artigo 31.º · Deliberação de distribuição de bens e seu cumprimento

Código das Sociedades Comerciais · Decree-Law No. 262/86 · consolidated text checked 26 October 2026

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1. Except in cases of interim distributions of profits and other cases expressly provided for by law, no distribution of company assets, including a distribution of profits for the financial year or of reserves, may be made to members without a resolution of the members authorising it.

1 - Salvo os casos de distribuição antecipada de lucros e outros expressamente previstos na lei, nenhuma distribuição de bens sociais, ainda que a título de distribuição de lucros de exercício ou de reservas, pode ser feita aos sócios sem ter sido objecto de deliberação destes.

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2. Members of management must not implement the resolutions referred to in the preceding paragraph if they have reasonable grounds to believe that:

2 - As deliberações dos sócios referidas no número anterior não devem ser cumpridas pelos membros da administração se estes tiverem fundadas razões para crer que:

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a) Changes in the company's assets and liabilities occurring in the meantime would render the resolution unlawful under Article 32;

a) Alterações entretanto ocorridas no património social tornariam a deliberação ilícita, nos termos do artigo 32.º;

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b) The members' resolution contravenes Articles 32 and 33;

b) A deliberação nos sócios viola o preceituado nos artigos 32.º e 33.º;

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c) The resolution to distribute profits for the financial year or reserves was based on company accounts approved by the members but containing defects whose correction would require the accounts to be amended in such a way that a resolution authorising the distribution would be unlawful under Articles 32 and 33.

c) A deliberação de distribuição de lucros de exercício ou de reservas se baseou em contas da sociedade aprovadas pelos sócios, mas enfermando de vícios cuja correcção implicaria a alteração das contas de modo que não seria licito deliberar a distribuição, nos termos dos artigos 32.º e 33.º

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3. Members of management who, pursuant to the preceding paragraph, have resolved not to make distributions approved by the general meeting must, within eight days following their resolution, apply in the company's name for a judicial inquiry to establish the facts referred to in any of the points of the preceding paragraph, unless the company has in the meantime been served with proceedings challenging the resolution on grounds coinciding with those of management's decision.

3 - Os membros da administração que, por força do disposto no número anterior, tenham deliberado não efectuar distribuições deliberadas pela assembleia geral devem, nos oito dias seguintes à deliberação tomada, requerer, em nome da sociedade, inquérito judicial para verificação dos factos previstos nalguma das alíneas do número anterior, salvo se entretanto a sociedade tiver sido citada para a acção de invalidade de deliberação por motivos coincidentes com os da dita resolução.

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4. Without prejudice to the provisions of the Code of Civil Procedure on interim proceedings for the suspension of company resolutions, once the company has been served with proceedings challenging a resolution approving the balance sheet or a distribution of reserves or profits for the financial year, members of management may not make that distribution on the basis of that resolution.

4 - Sem prejuízo do disposto no Código de Processo Civil sobre o procedimento cautelar de suspensão de deliberações sociais, a partir da citação da sociedade para a acção de invalidade de deliberação de aprovação do balanço ou de distribuição de reservas ou lucros de exercício não podem os membros da administração efectuar aquela distribuição com fundamento nessa deliberação.

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5. If the proceedings referred to in the preceding paragraph are unsuccessful and the claimants are shown to have litigated recklessly or in bad faith, they are jointly and severally liable for the losses caused to the other members by the delay in that distribution.

5 - Os autores da acção prevista no número anterior, em caso de improcedência desta e provando-se que litigaram temerariamente ou de má fé, serão solidariamente responsáveis pelos prejuízos que a demora daquela distribuição tenha causado aos outros sócios.

What we checked in this article

Management's duty not to distribute, the eight-day inquiry and the effect of service of proceedings are retained.

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Unofficial English translation prepared by BCA Portugal for reference. Only the Portuguese text published in the Diário da República has legal force. Editorial notes are ours and are not part of the statute.

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