Chapter VI · Management, supervision and company secretary · Section II · Supervision

Article 414 Qualifications of members

Artigo 414.º · Composição qualitativa

Código das Sociedades Comerciais · Decree-Law No. 262/86 · consolidated text checked 26 October 2026

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1. The sole supervisor and the alternate must be statutory auditors or statutory audit firms and may not be shareholders.

1 - O fiscal único e o suplente têm de ser revisores oficiais de contas ou sociedade de revisores oficiais de contas e não podem ser accionistas.

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2. The supervisory board must include a statutory auditor or statutory audit firm, unless the model referred to in point (b) of paragraph 1 of the preceding Article is adopted.

2 - O conselho fiscal deve incluir um revisor oficial de contas ou uma sociedade de revisores oficiais de contas, salvo se for adoptada a modalidade referida na alínea b) do n.º 1 do artigo anterior.

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3. The other members of the supervisory board may be law firms, statutory audit firms or shareholders, but in the latter case they must be natural persons with full legal capacity and must have the qualifications and professional experience appropriate to the performance of their duties.

3 - Os restantes membros do conselho fiscal podem ser sociedades de advogados, sociedades de revisores oficiais de contas ou accionistas, mas neste último caso devem ser pessoas singulares com capacidade jurídica plena e devem ter as qualificações e a experiência profissional adequadas ao exercício das suas funções.

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4. In the cases provided for in point (a) of paragraph 2 of the preceding Article, the supervisory board must include at least one member who holds a higher education degree appropriate to the performance of their duties and has knowledge of auditing or accounting, and who is independent.

4 - Nos casos previstos na alínea a) do n.º 2 do artigo anterior, o conselho fiscal deve incluir pelo menos um membro que tenha curso superior adequado ao exercício das suas funções e conhecimentos em auditoria ou contabilidade e que seja independente.

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5. A person is considered independent if they are not associated with any specific interest group in the company and are not in any circumstance liable to affect their impartiality of analysis or decision, in particular by virtue of:

5 - Considera-se independente a pessoa que não esteja associada a qualquer grupo de interesses específicos na sociedade nem se encontre em alguma circunstância susceptível de afectar a sua isenção de análise ou de decisão, nomeadamente em virtude de:

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a) Holding, or acting in the name or on behalf of holders of, a qualifying holding equal to or greater than 2% of the company’s share capital;

a) Ser titular ou actuar em nome ou por conta de titulares de participação qualificada igual ou superior a 2% do capital social da sociedade;

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b) Having been re-elected for more than two terms of office, whether consecutive or not.

b) Ter sido reeleita por mais de dois mandatos, de forma contínua ou intercalada.

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6. In companies that are issuers of shares admitted to trading on a regulated market, the supervisory board must be composed of a majority of independent members.

6 - Em sociedades emitentes de acções admitidas à negociação em mercado regulamentado, o conselho fiscal deve ser composto por uma maioria de membros independentes.

What we checked in this article

The statutory auditor requirement for the sole supervisor, the alternate and the supervisory board (save under model (b)), the bar on shareholders acting as sole supervisor, the independent-member requirement for companies under Article 413(2)(a), the 2% qualifying-holding and more-than-two-terms independence tests, and the independent majority for listed-share issuers are retained.

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Unofficial English translation prepared by BCA Portugal for reference. Only the Portuguese text published in the Diário da República has legal force. Editorial notes are ours and are not part of the statute.

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